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Care Companionfor CNS Disorders

Advancing primary care with essential peer-reviewed research and insights into CNS disorders

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Persistent Insomnia in an Elderly Man With HIV
Case Report

October 30, 2025

An 80-year-old man with receiving antiretroviral therapy for HIV since the mid-1990s reported complete inability to sleep, leading to psychological distress and suicidal ideation.
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PCC
Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis: Unraveling Prominent Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Mild Cognitive Impairment With Subsequent Clinical Improvement
Case Report

October 30, 2025

A 51-year-old woman who exhibited an 8-month history of significant cognitive decline and behavioral changes, including forgetfulness, irritability, and anger outbursts, leading to an initial diagnosis of mild neurocognitive…
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PCC
Choosing a Pharmacologic Strategy for Psychosis
Rounds in the General Hospital

October 28, 2025

If you have ever wondered which antipsychotic agent to prescribe to your patient with psychosis or struggled to balance the concepts of efficacy, tolerability, and cost, then this case…
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PCC
Impact of Hypotension on Cognitive Function
Rounds in the General Hospital

October 23, 2025

Hypotension acts synergistically to affect mental status by compounding problems with gas exchange, neurovascular dynamics, neuronal metabolism, and neurotoxicity.
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PCC
Neuropsychiatric Challenges of Friedreich’s Ataxia
Case Report

October 23, 2025

Management of behavioral symptoms in Friedreich’s ataxia patients requires a nuanced approach that integrates psychiatric care with traditional neurological treatment.
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PCC
Cognitive Distortions in Physician Guilt
Original Research

October 21, 2025

This study examines examples of physician guilt in television and movies and identifies examples of cognitive distortions to help readers gain insight into their own potential feelings of guilt.
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A journal cover titled The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders lists featured articles on depression predictors, medical student reactions, climate change and mental health, and case reports. There is a QR code at the bottom right.

Vol 27 • 2025 • Number 4

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Letter to the Editor

Knowledge of ECT for Catatonia

Original Research

Predictors of Depression Response in a Community ECT Clinic

Original Research

Medical Student Reactions to Interviewing Psychiatric Inpatients

Review Article

Climate Change and Mental Health

Rounds in the General Hospital

Management of Functional Neurological Disorder

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PTSD Management in Primary Care
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Rounds in the General Hospital Rounds from Banner Alzheimer's Institute

Original Research

PCC
Access to Primary Care in First-Episode Psychosis
Original Research

October 2, 2025

Improving engagement in primary care is critical for young adults with first-episode psychosis to establish beneficial patterns of health care use and timely access to preventative care.
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PCC
Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-sectional, Comparative Study
Original Research

September 11, 2025

Older adults were found to have less depression and anxiety compared to middle-aged adults; loneliness and perception of knowledge about COVID can affect the association between the presence of…
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PCC
Conflict Mediation by CBT
Original Research

June 26, 2025

This study tested the effectiveness of the want/can/must strategy to mediate conflicts, in which the psychotherapist, a specialist in cognitive-behavioral therapy, acts as a facilitator.
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Review Articles

PCC
Improving Community Mental Health Care
Narrative Review

October 9, 2025

This review highlights critical areas for enhancing the quality and sustainability of community mental health services.
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PCC
Precision Psychiatry for Depression Treatment
Narrative Review

September 9, 2025

Novel precision medicine tools in depression aim to identify the optimal treatment for each patient and have the potential to significantly improve depression management by guiding treatment selection for…
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PCC
Incretin Therapies: A New Tool to Combat Metabolic Consequences of Antipsychotic Use
Narrative Review

September 4, 2025

Incretin therapies have emerged as a promising treatment option with potential benefits for mitigating cardiometabolic side effects associated with antipsychotics; however, clinical trials have often excluded psychiatric populations.
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PCC
Efficacy of GLP-1 Agonists in Mental Disorders
Review Article

June 10, 2025

Current evidence underscores the potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists as a novel therapeutic approach for certain psychiatric disorders, particularly AUDs, depression, and autism-related food behaviors.
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PCC
Role of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in AUD
Narrative Review

May 15, 2025

The authors examine the potential benefits, dosages, and mechanisms of GLP-1 receptor agonists on alcohol consumption and how they can potentially modify alcohol-seeking behavior.
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PCC
Quality Indicators in Community Mental Health Services: A Scoping Review
Review Article

April 8, 2025

Engaging communities in mental health initiatives can improve understanding and support for individuals with mental health disorders and improve quality of the service.
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Rounds in the General Hospital

PCC
Managing Somatic Delusions
Rounds in the General Hospital

October 16, 2025

Management of somatic delusions involves a multimodal treatment approach incorporating pharmacotherapy, somatic treatments, and psychotherapy.
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PCC
Talking to Your Patients About HSCT
Rounds in the General Hospital

September 30, 2025

If you have been unsure about what you should discuss with your patients who might undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, then this case and discussion should prove useful.
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PCC
Diagnosing and Treating Dizziness
Rounds in the General Hospital

September 18, 2025

Psychiatric treatment of dizziness includes behavioral therapy aimed at decreasing arousal to the identified stimulus, as well as pharmacologic interventions that decrease acute anxiety and prevent onset of downstream…
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PCC
Antihistamines: Indications, Interactions, and Adverse Effects
Rounds in the General Hospital

September 16, 2025

Many antihistamines share a propensity for muscarinic receptor antagonism at higher doses, leading to symptoms of anticholinergic toxicity.
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PCC
Gastrointestinal Complications of Clozapine
Rounds in the General Hospital

August 12, 2025

Clozapine-induced gastrointestinal hypomotility is common, and it can progress to severe and potentially life-threatening complications;
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PCC
Managing Psychotropic Medication–Induced Priapism
Rounds in the General Hospital

July 31, 2025

A 30-year-old man with schizoaffective disorder presented to the ED with a prolonged, painful erection of spontaneous onset. His current medications included long-acting injectable paliperidone palmitate, valproic acid, and…
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Case Reports

PCC
Fluoxetine-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms
Case Report

October 21, 2025

This case highlights the underrecognized risk of extrapyramidal symptoms, particularly drug-induced parkinsonianism, associated with fluoxetine.
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PCC
NMS After Clozapine and ECT
Case Report

October 16, 2025

This case describes the diagnostic challenges of atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a patient with schizophrenia and the potential interaction between clozapine and ECT.
PCC
Trigeminal Neuralgia in MS With OUD
Case Report

October 14, 2025

A 54-year-old woman with MS presented to the ED with a 6-week history of progressively worsening left facial pain. While responsive to opiates, she had a history of OUD.
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PCC
Incubus Syndrome in a Man With Alcohol Dependence
Case Report

October 14, 2025

The authors present a rare case of a 36-year-old man with alcohol dependence who developed multisensory hallucinations characteristic of incubus syndrome.
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PCC
N-Acetylcysteine for Psychogenic Polydipsia
Case Report

October 9, 2025

The authors describe the clinical management of an outpatient with diagnoses of psychogenic polydipsia, schizophrenia, mild intellectual and developmental disability, and autism spectrum disorder.
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PCC
Mosaic Turner Syndrome and Schizophrenia
Case Report

October 7, 2025

This case adds to the literature on Turner syndrome and psychosis and is an example of the heterogeneity of individuals who meet the criteria for treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
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Letter to the Editor

PCC
Brain Injuries, Illness, and Treatment in Sports
Letter to the Editor

October 2, 2025

In their letter to the editor, the authors discuss the need for sports psychiatry and neurology to be viewed as a central part of the sports medicine field.
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PCC
Complicated Grief: Is There a Role for Naltrexone?
Letter to the Editor

September 23, 2025

The authors discuss prolonged grief disorder and the use of medications like naltrexone as a potential treatment.
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PCC
Knowledge of Catatonia: Reply to Espinoza and Kellner
Letter to the Editor

September 11, 2025

The authors reply to a letter to the editor commenting on their article.
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PCC
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome and Marijuana
Letter to the Editor

July 22, 2025

The authors raise awareness of a potential complication of extensive marijuana use.
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PCC
Onco-Psychopharmacology: Is Mirtazapine a Catholicon?
Letter to the Editor

June 24, 2025

The author discusses the role of mirtazapine in the treatment of depression in patients with cancer.
PCC
Community-Based Alternatives in Behavioral Crisis Transport
Letter to the Editor

June 12, 2025

Law enforcement transport for individuals in behavioral health crises results in significant financial costs and psychological trauma, reinforcing criminalization and stigma while worsening mental health conditions.
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More Articles from The Primary Care Companion for DNS Disorders

PCC
When a Headache Isn’t Just a Headache
Case Report

October 7, 2025

A 70-year-old woman experienced progressive headache and systemic symptoms after several days of high-dose ibuprofen administration.
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PCC
Valproate-Induced Hypermelanosis
Case Report

September 30, 2025

The authors present 2 cases of hyperpigmentation induced by sodium valproate and valproic acid.
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PCC
Dexamethasone and Cyproheptadine Misuse
Case Report

September 25, 2025

This case provides rare insight into the complications and delayed recognition associated with long-term, nonpsychoactive substance misuse, despite overt harm and a family history of addiction treatment.
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PCC
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Morquio Syndrome
Case Report

September 25, 2025

A 70-year-old man with Morquio syndrome presented with mood instability and behavioral changes and became a significant nursing challenge.
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PCC
ECT for Auditory Hallucinations
Case Report

September 23, 2025

A 19-year-old patient with Turner syndrome, schizophrenia and MDD presented for an ECT evaluation after multiple pharmacologic treatments failed to control her refractory auditory hallucinations, which had persisted for…
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PCC
Imipramine-Induced Catatonia
Case Report

September 18, 2025

The authors present the case of a 15-year-old girl with primary nocturnal enuresis and mild depressive symptoms, who later developed catatonia while on imipramine.
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PCC
Amnesia Associated With Recreational Cannabis Use in an Adolescent
Case Report

September 16, 2025

A 17-year-old girl with no prior psychiatric or medical history presented to the psychiatry ED for confusion and agitation following recent cannabis use.
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PCC
Navigating Bell’s Mania and Catatonia
Case Report

September 9, 2025

A healthy 17-year-old boy with no psychiatric family history experienced stress-induced, acute-onset catatonia and Bell’s mania.
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PCC
Neurobehavioral Symptoms and Machado Joseph Disease
Case Report

September 2, 2025

The authors highlight the neuropsychiatric symptomology of Machado Joseph Disease and how management may be approached in older adult patients who might struggle with similar acute-onset psychiatric concerns.
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PCC
It Takes a Village: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Catatonia in Pregnancy
Case Report

August 26, 2025

Timely treatment of catatonia is crucial and outweighs the risk of exposure to the fetus.
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PCC
Psychosis Due to Cushing Syndrome
Case Report

August 21, 2025

Acute psychosis may be the initial manifestation of Cushing syndrome, but it can easily be overlooked, especially in patients with preexisting psychiatric conditions.
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PCC
Two Cases of Menstrual Psychosis
Case Report

August 19, 2025

Menstrual psychosis is not included in any current nosological system, posing challenges to clinicians for its identification, management, and prognosis.
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Expert Consensus on Aripiprazole LAIs in Clinical Practice

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