Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Dementia-Related Psychosis

References (39)

1. World Health Organization. Dementia. WHO website https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia. Published September 19, 2019. Accessed July 14, 2020.
2. Rizzi L, Rosset I, Roriz-Cruz M. Global epidemiology of dementia: Alzheimer’s and vascular types. BioMed Res Int. 2014;2014:908915. Pubmed CrossRef
3. Devanand DP, Grossberg GT, Khachaturian Z, et al. More Than Cognition: The Prevalence of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia-Related Psychosis. More Than Cognition website. https://morethancognition.neurologyreviews.com/newsletter/prevalence-neuropsychiatric-symptoms-dementia-related-psychosis/. Accessed July 14, 2020.
4. Marcinkowska M, Śniecikowska J, Fajkis N, et al. Management of dementia-related psychosis, agitation and aggression: a review of the pharmacology and clinical effects of potential drug candidates. CNS Drugs. 2020;34(3):243–268. Pubmed CrossRef
5. Leroi I, Voulgari A, Breitner JCS, et al. The epidemiology of psychosis in dementia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003;11(1):83–91. Pubmed CrossRef
6. McKeith IG, Boeve BF, Dickson DW, et al. Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: fourth consensus report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology. 2017;89(1):88–100. Pubmed CrossRef
7. McKeith IG, Boeve BF, Dickson DW, et al. Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: fourth consensus report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology. 2017;89(1):88–100. Pubmed CrossRef
8. Mosimann UP, Rowan EN, Partington CE, et al. Characteristics of visual hallucinations in Parkinson disease dementia and dementia with lewy bodies. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;14(2):153–160. Pubmed CrossRef
9. Ffytche DH, Creese B, Politis M, et al. The psychosis spectrum in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2017;13(2):81–95. Pubmed CrossRef
10. Connors MH, Ames D, Woodward M, et al. Psychosis and clinical outcomes in Alzheimer disease: a longitudinal study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2018;26(3):304–313. Pubmed CrossRef
11. Ropacki SA, Jeste DV. Epidemiology of and risk factors for psychosis of Alzheimer’s disease: a review of 55 studies published from 1990 to 2003. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162(11):2022–2030. Pubmed CrossRef
12. Lyketsos CG, Steinberg M, Tschanz JT, et al. Mental and behavioral disturbances in dementia: findings from the Cache County Study on Memory in Aging. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(5):708–714. Pubmed CrossRef
13. Bjoerke-Bertheussen J, Ehrt U, Rongve A, et al. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2012;34(1):1–6. Pubmed CrossRef
14. Siafarikas N, Selbaek G, Fladby T, et al. Frequency and subgroups of neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild cognitive impairment and different stages of dementia in Alzheimer’s disease. Int Psychogeriatr. 2018;30(1):103–113. Pubmed CrossRef
15. Ballard CG, Saad K, Patel A, et al. The prevalence and phenomenology of psychotic symptoms in dementia sufferers. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1995;10(6):477–485. CrossRef
16. Steinberg M, Shao H, Zandi P, et al; Cache County Investigators. Point and 5-year period prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: the Cache County Study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2008;23(2):170–177. Pubmed CrossRef
17. van der Linde RM, Dening T, Stephan BCM, et al. Longitudinal course of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: systematic review. Br J Psychiatry. 2016;209(5):366–377. Pubmed CrossRef
18. Ballard CG, O’Brien JT, Swann AG, et al. The natural history of psychosis and depression in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease: persistence and new cases over 1 year of follow-up. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62(1):46–49. Pubmed CrossRef
19. Vik-Mo AO, Giil LM, Ballard C, et al. Course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: 5-year longitudinal study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2018;33(10):1361–1369. Pubmed CrossRef
20. Vik-Mo AO, Giil LM, Borda MG, et al. The individual course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with Alzheimer’s and Lewy body dementia: 12-year longitudinal cohort study. Br J Psychiatry. 2020;216(1):43–48. Pubmed CrossRef
21. Cerejeira J, Lagarto L, Mukaetova-Ladinska EB. Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Front Neurol. 2012;3:73. Pubmed CrossRef
22. El Haj M, Roche J, Jardri R, et al. Clinical and neurocognitive aspects of hallucinations in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017;83:713–720. Pubmed CrossRef
23. Cohen-Mansfield J, Dakheel-Ali M, Marx MS, et al. Which unmet needs contribute to behavior problems in persons with advanced dementia? Psychiatry Res. 2015;228(1):59–64. Pubmed CrossRef
24. Targum SD. Treating psychotic symptoms in elderly patients. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;3(4):156–163. Pubmed CrossRef
25. Qian W, Fischer CE, Churchill NW, et al. Delusions in Alzheimer disease are associated with decreased default mode network functional connectivity. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2019;27(10):1060–1068. Pubmed CrossRef
26. Ballard CG, Jacoby R, Del Ser T, et al. Neuropathological substrates of psychiatric symptoms in prospectively studied patients with autopsy-confirmed dementia with lewy bodies. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(5):843–849. Pubmed CrossRef
27. Diederich NJ, Fénelon G, Stebbins G, et al. Hallucinations in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2009;5(6):331–342. Pubmed CrossRef
28. O’Brien J, Taylor JP, Ballard C, et al. Visual hallucinations in neurological and ophthalmological disease: pathophysiology and management. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2020;91(5):512–519. Pubmed CrossRef
29. Scarmeas N, Brandt J, Albert M, et al. Delusions and hallucinations are associated with worse outcome in Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2005;62(10):1601–1608. Pubmed CrossRef
30. Fischer CE, Qian W, Schweizer TA, et al. Lewy bodies, vascular risk factors, and subcortical arteriosclerotic leukoencephalopathy, but not Alzheimer pathology, are associated with development of psychosis in Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;50(1):283–295. Pubmed CrossRef
31. Vik-Mo AO, Bencze J, Ballard C, et al. Advanced cerebral amyloid angiopathy and small vessel disease are associated with psychosis in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2019;90(6):728–730. Pubmed CrossRef
32. Ting SKS, Hao Y, Chia PS, et al. Clinicopathological correlation of psychosis and brain vascular changes in Alzheimer’s disease. Sci Rep. 2016;6(1):20858. Pubmed CrossRef
33. Kim J, Schweizer TA, Fischer CE, et al. The role of cerebrovascular disease on cognitive and functional status and psychosis in severe Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;55(1):381–389. Pubmed CrossRef
34. Devenney EM, Landin-Romero R, Irish M, et al. The neural correlates and clinical characteristics of psychosis in the frontotemporal dementia continuum and the C9orf72 expansion. Neuroimage Clin. 2016;13:439–445. Pubmed CrossRef
35. Ferman TJ, Arvanitakis Z, Fujishiro H, et al. Pathology and temporal onset of visual hallucinations, misperceptions and family misidentification distinguishes dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2013;19(2):227–231. Pubmed CrossRef
36. Norms’ battle with “loneliest disease in the entire world.” Alzconnected website. Pub https://www.alzconnected.org/discussion.aspx?g=posts&t=2147487046. lished March 30, 2012. Accessed August 6, 2019.
37. Delusions & Hallucinations. Alzconnected website. https://www.alzconnected.org/discussion.aspx?g=posts&t=2147498464. Published June 24, 2013. Accessed August 6, 2019.
38. Caregiver forum: New to the group (7). Alzconnected website. https://www.alzconnected.org/discussion.aspx?g=posts&t=2147539451. Published February 15, 2018. Accessed August 6, 2019.
39. Cohen-Mansfield J, Golander H, Cohen R. Rethinking psychosis in dementia: an analysis of antecedents and explanations. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2017;32(5):265–271. Pubmed CrossRef