Psychiatric Comorbidities in Hospitalized Adolescents With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the National Inpatient Sample

Shailesh Jain, MD, MPH, MEPH; Zeeshan Mansuri, MD, MPH; Chintan Trivedi, MD, MPH; Karrar Husain, MD; Abid Rizvi, MD; Sahar Ashraf, MD; Garima Yadav, MD; Erin Adams, BA; Malathi Perugula, MD; Sharmin Nabi, MD

Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2024;26(6):24m03760

Abstract

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) symptoms extend beyond reproductive issues, impacting mental health significantly, with noted correlations to anxiety, depression, and suicide attempts. The objective of this study was to quantify psychiatric comorbidities among adolescent females with PCOS.

Methods: Utilizing the National Inpatient Sample dataset from January 2016 to December 2018, this study examined a cohort of female adolescents aged 14–17 years diagnosed with PCOS, identified via International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification code E28.2, and matched 1:2 with non-PCOS individuals on demographic variables using propensity score matching. The primary outcomes included the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and were analyzed through categorical and continuous variable comparisons, employing t tests and Rao-Scott adjusted χ²tests, with odds ratios calculated to assess associations.

Results: The study encompassed 11,985 patients, highlighting a significantly higher prevalence of mood disorders, major depressive disorder, and anxiety disorders in the PCOS cohort compared to controls (P < .001). Specifically, mood disorders were reported in 43.6% of the PCOS group. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder/conduct disorders were also more prevalent in the PCOS population. However, rates of schizophrenia and suicidal ideation/attempts did not significantly differ between groups.

Conclusion: Adolescents with PCOS exhibit increased psychiatric comorbidities, highlighting the urgent need for integrated care strategies. Future research should aim to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these associations and develop effective interventions to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2024;26(6):24m03760

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