Making Lemonade Out of Lemons: A Case Report and Literature Review of External Pressure as an Intervention With Pregnant and Parenting Substance-Using Women

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Slightly more than 5% of women in the United States use illicit drugs during pregnancy.Estimates of the proportion of Child Protective Services cases that involve substance use range from 20% to 80%. Pregnant and parenting women who misuse substances are frequentlyinvolved with child welfare services, and this either implicitly orexplicitly entails use of external pressure or coercion to promoteentrance to substance abuse treatment.’ ‹