Case Report November 4, 2021

Schizophrenia in Klinefelter Syndrome

; ; ;

Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2021;23(6):20cr02883

  1. Lanfranco F, Kamischke A, Zitzmann M, et al. Klinefelter’s syndrome. Lancet. 2004;364(9430):273–283. PubMed CrossRef
  2. Giagulli VA, Campone B, Castellana M, et al; On behalf of the Klinefelter ItaliaN Group King. Neuropsychiatric aspects in men with Klinefelter syndrome. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2019;19(2):109–115. PubMed CrossRef
  3. van Rijn s, Aleman A, Swaab H, et al. Klinefelter’s syndrome (karyotype 47,XXY) and schizophrenia-spectrum pathology. Br J Psychiatry. 2006;189(5):459–460. PubMed CrossRef
  4. DeLisi LE, Maurizio AM, Svetina C, et al. Klinefelter’s syndrome (XXY) as a genetic model for psychotic disorders. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2005;135B(1):15–23. PubMed CrossRef
  5. Boks MPM, de Vette MHT, Sommer IE, et al. Psychiatric morbidity and X-chromosomal origin in a Klinefelter sample. Schizophr Res. 2007;93(1-3):399–402. PubMed CrossRef
  6. Bruining H, Swaab H, Kas M, et al. Psychiatric characteristics in a self-selected sample of boys with Klinefelter syndrome. Pediatrics. 2009;123(5):e865–e870. PubMed CrossRef
  7. Pestana PC, Silva ID, Ferreira ALB, et al. Psychotic features of Turner syndrome. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2018;20(5):17l02237. PubMed
  8. van Rijn S, Swaab H, Baas D, et al. Neural systems for social cognition in Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY): evidence from fMRI. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2012;7(6):689–697. PubMed CrossRef
  9. Khandaker GM, Barnett JH, White IR, et al. A quantitative meta-analysis of population-based studies of premorbid intelligence and schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2011;132(2-3):220–227. PubMed CrossRef
  10. Woodberry KA, Giuliano AJ, Seidman LJ. Premorbid IQ in schizophrenia: a meta-analytic review. Am J Psychiatry. 2008;165(5):579–587. PubMed CrossRef
  11. Sørensen HJ, Mortensen EL, Schiffman J, et al. Premorbid IQ and adult schizophrenia spectrum disorder: verbal performance subtests. Psychiatry Res. 2010;178(1):23–26. PubMed CrossRef
  12. Gécz J, Mulley J. Genes for cognitive function: developments on the X. Genome Res. 2000;10(2):157–163. PubMed CrossRef
  13. Skuse DH. X-linked genes and mental functioning. Hum Mol Genet. 2005;14(suppl 1):R27–R32. PubMed CrossRef
  14. Xu J, Disteche CM. Sex differences in brain expression of X- and Y-linked genes. Brain Res. 2006;1126(1):50–55. PubMed CrossRef
  15. Savic I. Advances in research on the neurological and neuropsychiatric phenotype of Klinefelter syndrome. Curr Opin Neurol. 2012;25(2):138–143. PubMed CrossRef
  16. van Rijn S, Aleman A, Swaab H, et al. Effects of an extra X chromosome on language lateralization: an fMRI study with Klinefelter men (47,XXY). Schizophr Res. 2008;101(1-3):17–25. PubMed CrossRef
  17. Rocca MS, Pecile V, Cleva L, et al. The Klinefelter syndrome is associated with high recurrence of copy number variations on the X chromosome with a potential role in the clinical phenotype. Andrology. 2016;4(2):328–334. PubMed CrossRef
  18. Crow TJ. The XY gene hypothesis of psychosis: origins and current status. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2013;162B(8):800–824. PubMed CrossRef
  19. Warwick MM, Lawrie SM, Beveridge A, et al. Abnormal cerebral asymmetry and schizophrenia in a subject with Klinefelter’s syndrome (XXY). Biol Psychiatry. 2003;53(7):627–629. PubMed CrossRef
  20. Shen D, Liu D, Liu H, et al. Automated morphometric study of brain variation in XXY males. Neuroimage. 2004;23(2):648–653. PubMed CrossRef