psychiatrist

This work may not be copied, distributed, displayed, published, reproduced, transmitted, modified, posted, sold, licensed, or used for commercial purposes. By downloading this file, you are agreeing to the publisher’s Terms & Conditions.

Article

A Systematic Review of Rates and Diagnostic Validity of Comorbid Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Aliza P. Wingo, MD, and S. Nassir Ghaemi, MD, MPH

Published: November 15, 2007

Article Abstract

Objective: Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized andreported to frequently coexist with bipolar disorder.Concurrent diagnosis of adult ADHD andbipolar disorder remains controversial. In thisstudy, we conducted a systematic review to examinethe rates and diagnostic validity of the conceptof comorbid adult ADHD and bipolar disorder.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo,and Cochrane databases were searched for articlespublished before March 30, 2007, using the keywordsmanic, bipolar, attention deficit hyperactivity,and adult. The computer search was supplementedwith bibliographic cross-referencing.

Study Selection: Exclusion criteria werestudies with only pediatric subjects, childhoodADHD only but not adult ADHD, and eitherbipolar disorder or ADHD only, but not both;review articles, case reports; letters to the editor;and book chapters. Of the 262 citations found,12 studies met our inclusion criteria.

Data Extraction: Specific diagnosticvalidating criteria examined were phenomenology,course of illness, heredity, biological markers,and treatment response. There were 6 studieson comorbid rates, 4 on phenomenology, 3 oncourse of illness, 2 on heredity, none on biologicalmarkers, and 1 on treatment response.

Data Synthesis: The proposed comorbid syndromeis fairly common (present in up to 47% ofadult ADHD and 21% of bipolar disorder populations),with a more severe course of illness comparedwith that of bipolar disorder alone, and highrates of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders.Its treatment appears to require initial moodstabilization.

Conclusions: Comorbid adult ADHD andbipolar disorder has been insufficiently studied,with more emphasis on comorbidity rates andfew data on course, neurobiology, heredity, andtreatment. The diagnostic validity of adult ADHD/bipolar disorder as a true comorbidity is not wellestablishedon the basis of this equivocal and insufficientliterature. More studies are greatlyneeded to further clarify its diagnostic validityand treatment approach.’ ‹

Volume: 68

Quick Links:

Continue Reading…

Subscribe to read the entire article

$40.00

Buy this Article as a PDF