The Journal of
Clinical Psychiatry

Volume 86 • 2025 • 2

Consensus Statement

Developing a Treatment-Resistant Depression Consultation Program, Part I: Practical and Logistical Considerations

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24cs15335

Vitaliy L. Voytenko, PsyD ; Susan K. Conroy, MD, PhD ; Anna R. Docherty, PhD ; Diana K. Burnett, MS ; Joao Quevedo, MD, PhD ; Michael J. Flood, MBA ; Patricio Riva Posse, MD ; Subhdeep Virk, MD ; Jesse H. Wright, MD, MPH ; William V. Bobo, MD, MPH ; Jay C. Fournier, PhD ; Sagar V. Parikh, MD

Consensus Statement

Developing a Treatment-Resistant Depression Consultation Program, Part II: Assessment

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24cs15336

Jay C. Fournier, PhD ; Vitaliy L. Voytenko, PsyD ; Anna R. Docherty, PhD ; Jesse H. Wright, MD, PhD ; Subhdeep Virk, MD ; Patricio Riva Posse, MD ; Michael J. Flood, MBA ; Joao Quevedo, MD, PhD ; Diana K. Burnett, MS ; William V. Bobo, MD, MPH ; Susan K. Conroy, MD, PhD ; Sagar V. Parikh, MD

Meta-Analysis

Treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military Populations: A Meta-Analysis

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24r15571

Jenny J. W. Liu, PhD ; Anthony Nazarov, PhD ; Natalie Ein, PhD ; Bethany Easterbrook, PhD ; Tri Le, BHSc ; Clara Baker, BA ; Julia Gervasio, MA ; Edouard Auger, MD, FRCPC ; Ken Balderson, MD, CM, FRCPC ; Mathieu Bilodeau, MD, FRCPC ; Amer M. Burhan, MBChB, MSc, FRCPC ; Murray W. Enns, MD, FRCPC ; Fardous Hosseiny, MSc ; Vicky Lavoie, PhD ; Natalie Mota, PhD ; Maya L. Roth, PhD, C.Psych ; Sonya G. Wanklyn, PhD, C.Psych ; J. Don Richardson, MD, FRCPC

Original Research

Vortioxetine for Cognitive Impairment in Major Depressive Disorder During Post-COVID Syndrome: Real-World Evidence

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15387

Hernan F. Guillen-Burgos, MD, MSc ; Juan F. Galvez-Florez, MD ; Sergio Moreno-López, PhD ; Juan-Manuel Anaya, MD, PhD ; Angela T.H. Kwan, MSc ; Roger S. McIntyre, MD, FRCPC

Original Research

Improvements Over Time with Valbenazine in Elderly Adults (≥65 Years) with Tardive Dyskinesia: Post Hoc Analyses of 2 Long-Term Studies

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15550

Martha Sajatovic, MD ; George S. Alexopoulos, MD ; Eric Jen, PharmD ; Khody Farahmand, PharmD ; Celia Zinger, MD

Original Research

Prevalence and Association of Defense Mechanisms With Common Psychiatric Disorders: A National Study

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15582

Carlos Blanco, MD, PhD ; Leonie Kampe, PhD ; Melanie M. Wall, PhD ; Shuai Wang, PhD ; Eve Caligor, MD ; Mark Olfson, MD, MPH

Original Research

Efficacy of Adjunctive Cariprazine on Anxiety Symptoms in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

J Clin Psychiatry. 2025;86(2):24m15506

Maurizio Fava, MD ; Prakash S. Masand, MD ; Vladimir Maletic, MD ; Chen Chen, PhD, MS ; Julie L. Adams, MD, MPH ; Majid Kerolous, PharmD, MPH

Original Research

Public Health Nurse–Delivered 1-Day Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Workshops for Treating Postpartum Depression: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15712

Haley Layton, MPH ; Madisyn Campbell, BA ; Kathryn Huh, BHSc ; Arooba Mansoor, HBSc ; Jesus Serrano-Lomelin, PhD ; June S. L. Brown, PhD ; Peter J. Bieling, PhD ; Ryan J. Van Lieshout, MD, PhD

Original Research

Increased Risk of Suicide Attempt in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15590

Mu-Chun Lin, MD ; Sheng-Hsiang Ma, MD ; Ying-Hsuan Tai, MD ; Ying-Xiu Dai, MD ; Mu-Hong Chen, MD, PhD ; Chih-Chiang Chen, MD, PhD

Original Research

Antidepressant Medication Prescription and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Women Veterans

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15647

Jennifer A. Sumner, PhD ; Paul A. Dennis, PhD, MSA ; Carlos A. Alvarez, PharmD ; Aaron Perkins, MS ; Jean C. Beckham, PhD ; Ramin Ebrahimi, MD

Original Research

One-Day Online Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Workshops for the Prevention of Postpartum Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15674

Zoe Boland, MSc ; Nancy Lloyd, MSc ; Jaslyn Drage, BSc ; Jesus Serrano-Lomelin, PhD ; Peter Bieling, PhD ; David Streiner, PhD ; Ryan J. Van Lieshout, PhD, MD

Original Research

Preferences for Lisdexamfetamine vs Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Binge-Eating Disorder: Correlates and Outcomes

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15552

Sydney Yurkow, PhD ; Valentina Ivezaj, PhD ; Brian Pittman, MS ; Carlos M. Grilo, PhD

Original Research

Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Efficacy of Intranasal Oxytocin to Enhance Alcohol Behavioral Couple Therapy

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15627

Julianne C. Flanagan, PhD ; Paul J. Nietert, PhD ; Barbara S. McCrady, PhD ; Stacey Sellers, MS ; Anjinetta Yates-Johnson, PA ; Sarah T. Giff, PhD ; Shannon R. Forkus, PhD

Original Research

Is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a Class of Its Own? Longitudinal Comparison to Other Conditions Following Trauma and Life Stress Exposure

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15591

Ashley L. Greene, PhD ; Holly F. Levin-Aspenson, PhD ; Scott Feltman, MA ; Stephen Long, PhD ; Madeleine Moore, BS ; Camilo Ruggero, PhD ; Sean A. P. Clouston, PhD ; Evelyn J. Bromet, PhD ; Benjamin J. Luft, MD ; Roman Kotov, PhD

Original Research

Evidence-Based and Evidence-Informed Treatments: A Naturalistic Study of the Impact of Treatment Type on Engagement in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15567

Melanie Arenson, PhD ; Baylee Crone, PhD ; Ranon Cortell, PhD ; Elisabeth Carlin, PhD

Original Research

Delirium as a Precursor to Dementia in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25m15798

Mingyang Sun, MD ; Xiaoling Wang, PhD ; Zhongyuan Lu, PhD ; Yitian Yang, MD, PhD ; Shuang Lv, MD ; Mengrong Miao, MD ; Wan-Ming Chen, PhD ; Szu-Yuan Wu, MD, MPH, PhD ; Jiaqiang Zhang, MD, PhD

Original Research

Incidence and Risk Factors for Suicide Attempt During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15633

Sidra Goldman-Mellor, PhD ; Mark Olfson, MD, MPH ; Alison Gemmill, PhD ; Claire Margerison, PhD

Original Research

Suicide Among Veterans Health Administration Patients With Bipolar Disorder: Evidence for Increased Risk Associated With Benzodiazepine Receipt

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15424

Kevin G. Saulnier, PhD ; Anna L. Philibert, MPH ; Peter P. Grau, PhD ; Nicholas W. Bowersox, PhD

Original Research

Longitudinal Effects of Negative Ethnic-Racial Identity Affect on Internalizing Symptoms in Youth of Latiné Background Exposed to Interpersonal Trauma

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15654

Sunita M. Stewart, PhD ; Nazan Aksan, PhD ; Andrea Bancroft, BS ; Jeffrey D. Shahidullah, PhD ; Savannah M. Krantz, BA ; Madelyn Guerra, MS ; Jessica Sandoval, MD ; Cynthia Garza, PsyD ; Andres G. Viana, PhD ; Myesha Morgan, PhD ; Cecilia DeVargas, MD ; Justin F. Rousseau, MD ; D. Jeffrey Newport, MD ; Karen Dineen Wagner, MD, PhD ; Charles B. Nemeroff, MD, PhD

Original Research

Xanomeline and Trospium Chloride for the Treatment of Agitation Associated With Schizophrenia: PANSS-Excited Component Results From 3 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled EMERGENT Trials

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15668

Paul P. Yeung, MD, MPH ; Alan Breier, MD ; Haiyuan Zhu, PhD ; Inder Kaul, MD, MPH ; Ronald N. Marcus, MD

Original Research

A Single-Dose, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel Design Study to Characterize the Pharmacokinetics of an Investigational Olanzapine Intranasal Spray Compared to a Reference Dose of Olanzapine Intramuscular Injection in Healthy Adult Males

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15665

Stuart Madden, PhD ; Leslie Citrome, MD, MPH ; Christoph U. Correll, MD, PhD ; Evelyn K. Shih, MD, PhD ; Miguel Lopez-Toledano, PhD ; Adrian L. Rabinowicz, MD ; Enrique Carrazana, MD

Original Research

Effects of Parental Severe Mental Disorders on All-Cause and Suicide Mortalities in Adolescents and Young Adults With Major Depressive Disorder

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15476

Shih-Jen Tsai, MD ; Chih-Ming Cheng, MD ; Wen-Han Chang, MS ; Ya-Mei Bai, MD, PhD ; Tung-Ping Su, MD ; Tzeng-Ji Chen, MD, PhD ; Mu-Hong Chen, MD, PhD

Original Research

Older Adults Visiting Emergency Departments for Mental Health Issues: A CHIRPP Database Study

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15516

Maïna Laforce, MD ; Valérie Boucher, MSc ; Ann-Pier Gagnon ; Pier-Alexandre Tardif, MSc ; Axel Benhamed, MD, MSc ; Pierre-Gilles Blanchard, MD, MBA, PhD ; Marcel Emond, MD, MSc ; François Poirier, MD ; Eric Mercier, MD, MSc

Original Research

Combining Ketamine Infusions and Written Exposure Therapy for Chronic PTSD: An Open-Label Trial

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15622

Adriana Feder, MD ; Oneysha Brown, BA ; Sarah B. Rutter, MA ; Leah Cahn, LCSW ; Jessica R. Overbey, DrPH ; Saren H. Seeley, PhD ; Alex Yu, MD ; Philip A. Bonanno, MD ; Rachel A. Fremont, MD, PhD ; Andrew A. Delgado, PhD ; Manish K. Jha, MD ; Sara Costi, MD ; Rachel Yehuda, PhD ; Daniela Schiller, PhD ; Robert H. Pietrzak, PhD, MPH ; Dennis S. Charney, MD ; Denise M. Sloan, PhD ; James W. Murrough, MD, PhD

Original Research

Trajectories of Irritability Improvement in Depressed Adolescents Treated With 1 Hz and 10 Hz Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15684

Karina Delaney, BS ; Paul A. Nakonezny, PhD ; Dicle Buyuktaskin, MD ; Lucero Sangster Carrasco, MD ; Arjun P. Athreya, MS, PhD ; Magdalena Romanowicz, MD ; Julia Shekunov, MD ; Jennifer L. Vande Voort, MD ; Paul E. Croarkin, DO, MS

Original Research

Appetite Hormone Regulation Biotypes of Major Affective Disorders in Proinflammatory Cytokines and Executive Function

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24m15561

Ju-Wei Hsu, MD ; Wei-Chen Lin, MD, PhD ; Ya-Mei Bai, MD, PhD ; Shih-Jen Tsai, MD ; Mu-Hong Chen, MD, PhD

Commentary

Lower Risk of First Onset of Many Cardiovascular Disorders in Antidepressant-Treated Women Veterans: Encouraging Findings but Concerns Remain

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25com15886

Chittaranjan Andrade, MD

Commentary

Back to the Office: The Room Where It Happens?

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24com15710

John C. Markowitz, MD ; Barbara Milrod, MD ; Timothy G. Heckman, PhD ; Maja Bergman, PhD ; Doron Amsalem, MD ; Yuval Neria, PhD

Commentary

Eating Disorders Among Transgender and Gender Diverse People: A Qualitative Analysis of Reddit Threads

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24com15640

Nora Y. Sun ; Sofia E. Guerra ; Alex S. Keuroghlian, MD, MPH

Commentary

Investigation of Appetite Hormones and Their Association With Mood Disorders Illustrates the Current Limitations of Psychiatric Diagnosis

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25com15802

David Mischoulon, MD, PhD

Commentary

Benefits and Risks of New Tests for Alzheimer’s Disease

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25com15837

Maxwell Z. Price, BA ; Gary W. Small, MD

Clinical and Practical Psychopharmacology

Autism Spectrum Disorder, 2: Observations on the Imprecision of the Numerical Value of Risk when Examining Predictors of Risk in Regression

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25f15918

Chittaranjan Andrade, MD

Clinical and Practical Psychopharmacology

Discordant Sibling Pair Comparisons in Observational Studies: A Research Design Simply Explained

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25f15843

Chittaranjan Andrade, MD

Clinical and Practical Psychopharmacology

Autism Spectrum Disorder, 1: Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25f15878

Chittaranjan Andrade, MD

ASCP Corner

Clozapine Monitoring in the Post-REMS World: Some Guidance for Clinicians

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25ac15898

Jonathan M. Meyer, MD ; Jose M. Rubio, MD, PhD

Brief Report

Psychosocial Correlates of Optimism Among US Military Veterans

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25br15791

Rick Yang, HSD ; Ian C. Fischer, PhD ; Peter J. Na, MD, MPH ; Robert H. Pietrzak, PhD, MPH

Brief Report

The Association Between Infant Distress to Limitation and Postpartum Depression Treatment Response

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24br15503

Kian Yousefi Kousha, MSc ; John E. Krzeczkowski, PhD ; Ryan J. Van Lieshout, MD, PhD

Case Report

A Case of Semaglutide-Induced Euphoria in a Patient With Bipolar Disorder

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(1):25cr15778

Norman R. Greenberg, MD ; Florence Yu, MD ; Richard A. Friedman, MD

Letter to the Editor

Erecting Barriers to Suicide by Removing Barriers to Science

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25l15883

Gin S. Malhi, MBChB, BSc (Hons), MSt, MD ; Kinga Szymaniak, PsyM, PhD ; Gurubhaskar Shivakumar, MBBS, MP ; Erica Bell, BSc

Letter to the Editor

The Need for Guidance on Ketamine/Esketamine Use in Real-World Clinical Settings

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):24lr15709

Alina Wilkowska, MD, PhD ; Wiesław Jerzy Cubała, MD, PhD

Correction

Correction. Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Esmethadone in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: Findings From a 12-Month Open-Label Study

J Clin Psychiatry 2025;86(2):25lcx15938

Volume 86 • 2025 • 2

Consensus Statement

Developing a Treatment-Resistant Depression Consultation Program, Part I: Practical and Logistical Considerations

Developing a Treatment-Resistant Depression Consultation Program, Part II: Assessment

Meta-Analysis

Treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military Populations: A Meta-Analysis

Original Research

Vortioxetine for Cognitive Impairment in Major Depressive Disorder During Post-COVID Syndrome: Real-World Evidence

Improvements Over Time with Valbenazine in Elderly Adults (≥65 Years) with Tardive Dyskinesia: Post Hoc Analyses of 2 Long-Term Studies

Prevalence and Association of Defense Mechanisms With Common Psychiatric Disorders: A National Study

Efficacy of Adjunctive Cariprazine on Anxiety Symptoms in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Public Health Nurse–Delivered 1-Day Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Workshops for Treating Postpartum Depression: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Increased Risk of Suicide Attempt in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Antidepressant Medication Prescription and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Women Veterans

One-Day Online Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Workshops for the Prevention of Postpartum Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Preferences for Lisdexamfetamine vs Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Binge-Eating Disorder: Correlates and Outcomes

Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Efficacy of Intranasal Oxytocin to Enhance Alcohol Behavioral Couple Therapy

Is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a Class of Its Own? Longitudinal Comparison to Other Conditions Following Trauma and Life Stress Exposure

Evidence-Based and Evidence-Informed Treatments: A Naturalistic Study of the Impact of Treatment Type on Engagement in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Delirium as a Precursor to Dementia in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Incidence and Risk Factors for Suicide Attempt During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period

Suicide Among Veterans Health Administration Patients With Bipolar Disorder: Evidence for Increased Risk Associated With Benzodiazepine Receipt

Longitudinal Effects of Negative Ethnic-Racial Identity Affect on Internalizing Symptoms in Youth of Latiné Background Exposed to Interpersonal Trauma

Xanomeline and Trospium Chloride for the Treatment of Agitation Associated With Schizophrenia: PANSS-Excited Component Results From 3 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled EMERGENT Trials

A Single-Dose, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel Design Study to Characterize the Pharmacokinetics of an Investigational Olanzapine Intranasal Spray Compared to a Reference Dose of Olanzapine Intramuscular Injection in Healthy Adult Males

Effects of Parental Severe Mental Disorders on All-Cause and Suicide Mortalities in Adolescents and Young Adults With Major Depressive Disorder

Older Adults Visiting Emergency Departments for Mental Health Issues: A CHIRPP Database Study

Combining Ketamine Infusions and Written Exposure Therapy for Chronic PTSD: An Open-Label Trial

Trajectories of Irritability Improvement in Depressed Adolescents Treated With 1 Hz and 10 Hz Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Appetite Hormone Regulation Biotypes of Major Affective Disorders in Proinflammatory Cytokines and Executive Function

Commentary

Lower Risk of First Onset of Many Cardiovascular Disorders in Antidepressant-Treated Women Veterans: Encouraging Findings but Concerns Remain

Back to the Office: The Room Where It Happens?

Eating Disorders Among Transgender and Gender Diverse People: A Qualitative Analysis of Reddit Threads

Investigation of Appetite Hormones and Their Association With Mood Disorders Illustrates the Current Limitations of Psychiatric Diagnosis

Benefits and Risks of New Tests for Alzheimer’s Disease

Clinical and Practical Psychopharmacology

Autism Spectrum Disorder, 2: Observations on the Imprecision of the Numerical Value of Risk when Examining Predictors of Risk in Regression

Discordant Sibling Pair Comparisons in Observational Studies: A Research Design Simply Explained

Autism Spectrum Disorder, 1: Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors

ASCP Corner

Clozapine Monitoring in the Post-REMS World: Some Guidance for Clinicians

Brief Report

Psychosocial Correlates of Optimism Among US Military Veterans

The Association Between Infant Distress to Limitation and Postpartum Depression Treatment Response

Case Report

A Case of Semaglutide-Induced Euphoria in a Patient With Bipolar Disorder

Letter to the Editor

Erecting Barriers to Suicide by Removing Barriers to Science

The Need for Guidance on Ketamine/Esketamine Use in Real-World Clinical Settings

Correction

Correction. Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Esmethadone in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: Findings From a 12-Month Open-Label Study

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